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The Genetics section of Biology specifications covers the principles of inheritance, including monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, dominant and recessive alleles, codominance, and sex linkage. It explores the structure and function of DNA, gene expression, and the role of transcription and translation in protein synthesis. Students also learn about mutations, genetic variation, and how natural selection drives evolution. Additionally, the section includes applications of genetics, such as genetic engineering, gene therapy, and ethical considerations in genetic research.